Now India is closer to get Malaria free tag.know every thing about it .

According to WHO’s World Malaria Report 2018, India has reported a 24% decline in the number of malaria cases in 2017 compared to 2016.

Number of cases

• Globally an estimated 219 million cases of malaria occurred in 2017 compared to 217 million cases in 2016.
• The number of malaria cases has decreased from 239 million in 2010.
• Region wise distribution shows
• African Region had the highest incidence of malaria with 200 million cases in 2017.
• South-East Asia Region has 5% of the cases
• Eastern Mediterranean Region accounts for 2% of the cases.
• Fifteen sub-Saharan countries and India together accounted for almost 80% of the global malaria burden.
• Country wise data shows
• Nigeria (25%)
• Democratic Republic of the Congo (11%)
• Mozambique (5%)
• India (4%)
• Uganda (4%).

 

Mortality

• Globally there were 4,35,000 deaths due to malaria compared with 4,51,000 deaths in 2016, and 6,07,000 in 2010.
• Children aged under 5 years are the most vulnerable group affected by malaria contributing 61% of all malaria deaths in 2017.
• The African Region accounted for 93% of all malaria deaths in 2017.
• India accounted for 4% of deaths due to malaria.

WHO Global technical strategy for malaria 2016–2030 (GTS)

• WHO in its GTS has set a target to eliminate malaria worldwide by 2030.
• The key pillars of GTS strategy include
• Ensure universal access to malaria prevention, diagnosis and treatment
• Accelerate efforts towards elimination and attainment of malaria free status
• Transform malaria surveillance into a core intervention.
• Key goals set under GTS include
• Reduce malaria mortality rates globally at least by 40% by 2020, 75% by 2025 and 90% by 2030 in comparison with 2015 figures.
• Reduce malaria case incidence globally at least by 40% by 2020, 75% by 2025 and 90% by 2030 in comparison with 2015 figures.
• Ensure malaria-free status at least in 10 countries in 2020, 20 countries in 2025 and 35 countries in 2030.

Malaria in India

Cases in India

• India is a high-burden country accounting for 4% of the global malaria cases.
• However India has reported a 24% decline in the number of cases in 2017, compared to 2016.

Status of malaria in India

• In India malaria cases have consistently declined from 2.08 million in 2001 to about 8.4 lakhs in 2017.
• Till September 2018, according to National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme, 2,76,488 cases of malaria were reported.
• The majority of malaria is being reported from states in the eastern, central and north-eastern part of the country.
• Odisha, Chhattisgarh, West Bengal, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Tripura and Meghalaya account for a major burden of malaria cases.

National Framework for Malaria Elimination (2016-2030)

• In 2016 India launched the National Framework for Malaria Elimination as strategic roadmap to eliminate malaria by 2030.
• According to National Framework for Malaria Elimination
• Eliminate malaria from all low and moderate endemic states and Union territories by 2022.
• Reducing the incidence of new cases of malaria to less than one case per 1000 population in all states and Union territories by 2024.
• This has been achieved with incidence of malaria in India is being 0.66 cases per one thousand population in 2017.
• Making India malaria-free by 2027.
• Malaria-free means interrupting and arresting indigenous transmission of malaria in all states by 2027.
• Eliminate malaria in all forms by 2030.